Dalilin Da Ya Sa Industrial Ethernet Ke Maye Gurbin Tsofaffin Tsarin Fieldbus
Tsofaffin hanyoyin sadarwar fieldbus suna takaita saurin bayanai da yawan na’urori. ABB PLCs yanzu suna goyon bayan sabbin ka’idojin Industrial Ethernet. Wannan sauyi yana ba da damar saurin musayar bayanai da sauƙaƙa wayoyi a fadin layukan samarwa.
Ka’idojin Ethernet suna kawar da cunkoson sadarwa. ABB controllers suna iya magana da na’urori da dama a lokaci guda. Sakamakon haka, lokacin aiki na samarwa yana ƙaruwa, kuma kudin gyara da kiyayewa yana raguwa.
Manyan Ka’idojin Ethernet Da Ake Samu a Kan ABB Controllers
PROFINET don Ayyukan Da Ke Bukatar Lokaci Kadan
PROFINET yana ba da lokacin zagayawa kasa da millisecond ɗaya. ABB PLCs suna amfani da wannan ka’idar don sel na robobi da layukan marufi masu sauri. Ka’idar tana kuma watsa bayanan IT na al’ada ba tare da ƙarin wayoyi ba.
EtherNet/IP don Masana’antu Masu Kayan Daga Masu Kera Daban-Daban
Masana’antu da dama suna haɗa kayan aiki daga masu kaya daban-daban. EtherNet/IP yana warware wannan ƙalubalen haɗawa. ABB PLCs suna sadarwa kai tsaye da na’urorin Rockwell, Schneider, da Omron ta amfani da wannan buɗaɗɗen tsarin.
Modbus TCP don Haɗin Kai Mai Sauƙi
Modbus TCP yana aiki da kusan duk wata na’urar masana’antu. ABB PLCs suna karanta firikwensin (sensors) kuma suna sarrafa drives ta wannan ka’idar. Saita shi yana buƙatar daidaita IP na asali kaɗai da ƴan mintuna na aikin injiniya.
Matakan Saita Hanyar Sadarwa Ga ABB PLCs
Shirya kayan aiki (hardware). Rataye PLC a kan DIN rail. Yi amfani da igiyoyin Ethernet masu kariya (shielded). Haɗa PLC da managed industrial switch. Guji amfani da kayan hanyar sadarwa na ofis.
Saita adireshin IP. Ba da static IP da ba ya cikin kewayon DHCP. Rubuta subnet mask da adireshin gateway. Ajiye wannan bayanin a cikin rajistar bayanan hanyar sadarwa.
Saitin software. Buɗe ABB Automation Builder. Ƙirƙiri sabon project. Zaɓi samfurin PLC daga device library. Je zuwa saitunan sadarwa (communication settings).
Zaɓen ka’ida (protocol). Zaɓi PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, ko Modbus TCP. Ga PROFINET, saita lokacin sabuntawa tsakanin millisecond ɗaya zuwa huɗu. Ga Modbus TCP, bar ƙimomin timeout na asali (default).
Device mapping. Shigo da fayilolin GSD ko EDS na na’urorin kamfanoni na uku. Danna (map) kowane maɓallin I/O zuwa adireshin ƙwaƙwalwar PLC. Tabbatar da duk mappings kafin sauke shirin.
Gwaji. Sauke saitin zuwa PLC. Gudanar da kayan aikin gano matsala (diagnostic tool) na mintuna 15. Duba ko akwai dropped packets ko kuskuren timeout. Gyara matsalolin kafin a fara cikakken samarwa.
Kyawawan Hanyoyin Aiki (Best Practices)
Yi amfani da VLANs don raba zirga-zirgar sarrafawa daga bayanan ofis. Ka kiyaye nauyin hanyar sadarwa kasa da kashi 40 don samun real-time performance. Sauya kowace igiya da ke da lahani a fili ko ta karye sosai. Sabunta firmware na PLC sau biyu a shekara. Rubuta kowane canjin hanyar sadarwa a cikin babban rajista guda. Horar da ma’aikatan gyara kan dabarun warware matsalolin Ethernet na asali.
Misalan Aikace-aikace Masu Tare da Bayanai na Ayyuka
Samar Da Kayan Motoci – Czech Republic
Wata masana’antar sassan motoci ta girka ABB AC500 PLCs guda 30. Tsarin ya yi amfani da PROFINET don robobin walda 210. Jitter na sadarwa ya kasance kasa da milliseconds 0.3. Yawan samarwa ya ƙaru da kashi 15. Ƙazamin kaya (scrap parts) ya ragu da kashi 22 cikin watanni takwas.
Shukar Cika Lemu da Sauran Abubuwan Sha – Brazil
Wata masana’antar abin sha mai sanyi ta maye gurbin tsohon fieldbus da Modbus TCP. Sabon tsarin ya haɗa layukan cika 18 da conveyors 42. Asarar bayanai ta ragu daga kashi 2 zuwa kashi 0.1. Kudin gyara da kiyayewa ya faɗi da dala $31,000 a shekara. Hanyar sadarwar ta yi aiki na watanni 14 ba tare da babban matsala ba.
Aiwar Daɗaɗɗen Haɗa Sinadarai (Chemical Batch Processing) – United States
Wata masana’antar sinadarai ta shigar da ABB PLCs tare da EtherNet/IP. Maganin ya haɗa tankuna 55 da famfo 30 zuwa DCS na tsakiya. Lokacin amsawa ga ƙararrawa ya inganta da kashi 40. Yawan kuzarin da ake amfani da shi ga motoci na mixing ya ragu da kashi 8. Lokacin dawowa da jarin (payback period) ya kasance watanni tara.
Warehouse Automation – Netherlands
Wani cibiyar kayayyakin ajiya ta yi amfani da ABB PLCs don sarrafa conveyors. Tsarin ya haɗa ka’idojin PROFINET da Modbus TCP. Lokacin da tsarin ke aiki (uptime) ya kai kashi 99.6. Yawan kayayyakin da ake sarrafawa ya ƙaru da kunshe-kunshe 11,000 a kowane shift. Kuskuren ma’aikata ya ragu da kashi 30.
Shawarwari Kan Zaɓin Ka’idoji (Protocols)
Zaɓi PROFINET don motion control da aikace-aikacen robobi. Zaɓi EtherNet/IP don masana’antu da ke da kayan aiki daga masu kaya daban-daban. Yi amfani da Modbus TCP don sauƙaƙen rikodin bayanai (data logging) da haɗa tsofaffin na’urori. Fara da ka’ida guda ɗaya. Ƙara wasu ne kawai idan wani buƙata ta musamman ta taso.
Daftarin bayanan hanyar sadarwa yadda ya kamata yana hana sa’o’in neman matsala masu tsawo. Yi wa duk igiyoyi lakabi sosai. Sabunta zanen hanyar sadarwa bayan kowane canji. Horar da lantarki kan warware matsalolin IP na asali yana hana jinkiri mai tsada.
Tambayoyin Da Ake Yawan Yi
Wace jerin ABB PLC ce ke goyon bayan wadannan ka’idojin Ethernet?
Jerin ABB AC500 tana bayar da cikakken tallafi ga PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, da Modbus TCP. Jerin AC700 tana tallafa wa wani ɓangare na waɗannan ka’idoji. Duba takardar bayanin fasaha (technical datasheet) kafin yin oda don ganin abin da kowane samfur zai iya yi.
Shin ABB PLCs na iya haɗuwa da tsofaffin na’urori RS485?
I, za su iya. Yi amfani da serial-to-Ethernet gateway converter. ABB tana ba da modules da ke fassara Modbus RTU zuwa Modbus TCP. Tsofaffin na’urori sai su bayyana kamar al’ada nodes na Ethernet a kan hanyar sadarwa.
Menene iyakar tsayin igiya don sadarwar ABB Ethernet?
Standard copper Ethernet cable tana tallafa mita 100 tsakanin na’urori. Don nisan da ya fi haka, yi amfani da fiber optic media converters. Fiber tana tallafa nisa har zuwa kilomita 2. Yi amfani da redundant fiber rings don aikace-aikacen da suka da matuƙar muhimmanci.
