Dalilin da Ya Sa Kayan Automation na Daidaitacce ke Gazawa a Yankunan Mai Hatsarin Fashewa a Fetur & Gas
Manyan wuraren mai da gas suna fitar da tururin hydrocarbon masu ƙonewa da iskokin gishiri masu ƙone ƙarfe. Kayan sarrafa daidaitattu na lantarki suna haifar da ƙananan wutar lantarki (spark) a lokacin aiki na yau da kullum. Waɗannan wututtukan na iya tayar da fashewa a yankuna masu rarrabuwa Zone 0, Zone 1, da Zone 2. Bayanai na masana’antu suna nuna cewa kashi 82% na haɗurran lantarki a maƙarƙashiyar mai suna samo asali ne daga sassan da ba su da takardar shaidar tsaro. Saboda haka, tsarin PLC da DCS na “generic” ba za su iya biyan cikakkun bukatun tsaro na wurin aiki ba.
Muhimman Ka’idojin Fasaha na Kayan Sarrafa Explosion-Proof
Kayan explosion-proof masu cancanta suna bin ƙa’idojin duniya na IEC 60079 da ATEX sosai. Yawancin samfuran da ke da ingantaccen aiki suna amfani da matakan kariyar intrinsic safety na Ex d IIC T4. Masana’antun suna amfani da kwandon 316L stainless steel domin su jure lalacewar H2S a yanayin ƙasa mai tsanani. Nano-coating yana rage ƙimar lalacewar “circuit board” da kashi 80% a cikin yanayi masu guba. Waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan ƙira suna ƙara wa sassan rayuwar aiki fiye da shekaru biyar a kan dandamalin teku (offshore platforms).
Sassauta da Inganta PLC da DCS na Musamman don Automation na Mai da Gas
Automation na aikin sarrafa mai da gas yana buƙatar aikin tsarin 24/7 mai kwanciyar hankali. Modules na PLC explosion-proof suna tallafa wa tattara bayanai a ainihin lokaci (real-time) da saurin amsawa na dakika 0.1. Units na DCS explosion-proof suna haɗa kulawa ɗaya kan bayanan matsa lamba, gudu (flow), da zafin jiki. Suna samar da daidaiton isar bayanai har kashi 99.8% ga bututun mai na nisan kiwo. Waɗannan tsarin suna dacewa gaba ɗaya da sauye-sauyen nauyin aiki a layukan hakowa da tace mai (drilling da refining).
Ribar da Ake Iya Auna ta daga Kayan Explosion-Proof na Ƙwararru
Daidaida sassan da ke da takardar shaida da nau’in haɗarin wurin aiki yana rage haɗarin aiki ƙwarai. Tsarin kariya na IP66 mara ƙura kuma mai hana ruwa ya dace da yanayin filin mai na waje mai tsanani. Gwajin filin aiki ya nuna cewa sassan da suka cancanta suna rage ƙimar gazawar kayan aiki da kashi 82%. Sakamakon haka, kuɗaɗen kula da tsarin industrial automation gaba ɗaya suna raguwa da kashi 35%. Waɗannan sassan suna kuma taimaka wa kamfanoni su wuce binciken bin ƙa’idojin tsaron ƙasa da ƙasa cikin sauƙi.
Binciken Masana Masana’antu kan Sabbin Hanyoyin Tsaron Automation
A halin yanzu, automation na mai da gas yana sauyawa daga kariya ta “passive” zuwa farkon gargadin haɗari (early warning) mai aiki. Manyan masana’antun masana’antu yanzu suna haɗa “smart sensing” da kayan explosion-proof. Tsarukan gargajiya suna kaiwa ne kawai kashi 58.2% na daidaiton gargadin haɗarin fashewa. Sabbin tsarukan explosion-proof masu hankali suna ƙara daidaiton zuwa kashi 99.2%. Sassan da aka tabbatar masu hankali suna ba da tsaro na dogon lokaci. Yanke kuɗi ba tare da tunani ba a kan sassan sarrafawa yana haifar da manyan haɗurran ɓoyayyun matsalolin aiki.
Misalan Aikace-aikacen Filin Gaskiya tare da Bayanai da Aka Tabbatar
Case 1: Filin Mai na Ƙasa na Tarim
An shigar da modules na PLC explosion-proof na musamman a filin mai. Dacewar gargadin haɗarin fashewa ta tashi daga 58.2% zuwa 99.2%. Aikin duba na hannu na yau da kullum ya ragu da kashi 60%. Wurin ya yi shekaru biyu ba tare da wani abin haɗari na tsaro ba.
Case 2: Babban Aikin Bututun Mai na Ƙasa Mai Nisa
Ma’aunin matsa lamba explosion-proof masu daidaito 0.1%FS sun rage lokacin amsa gano zubar mai daga awanni 2 zuwa mintuna 10. Wannan sabuntawar ta rage asarar zubewar danyen mai na shekara-shekara da fiye da ton 1,200.
Case 3: Babbar Masana’antar Tace Mai a Gabas ta Tsakiya
Sassan da suka samu takardar shaidar ATEX sun kawar da haɗarin wutar lantarki a yankunan Zone 1. Ƙimar gazawar kayan aiki ta ragu da kashi 82% bayan shekara ɗaya. Masana’antar ta cimma kashi 100% na wucewa a duk binciken ƙa’idojin tsaro na duniya.
Ingantattun Hanyoyin Masana’antu don Yanayin Haɗari na Yau da Kullum
Dandamalin Hakowa na Ƙasa: A girka kabad ɗin sarrafa PLC explosion-proof da HMI panels. Waɗannan na’urori suna daidaita sarrafa sigogin hakowa a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai tsanani.
Tashoshin Tara Gas na Teku (Offshore): Yi amfani da modules na DCS explosion-proof na 316L stainless steel. Suna jure lalacewar gishirin iska kuma suna tabbatar da sa ido na bayanai na sa’o’i 24 ba tare da katsewa ba.
Ɗakunan Tace Mai: A sanye su da na’urorin auna sigogi explosion-proof na intrinsic safety. A haɗa su da tsarin ESD na gaggawar rufe aiki domin kulle haɗari ta atomatik.
Rubutacce daga Gu Jinghong, injiniyan industrial automation da ya kware a mafita na PLC & DCS don masana’antar mai, gas da sinadarai.
