Emerson Ovation ko Yokogawa Centum VP: Wane DCS ya kamata tashar wutar lantarkinku ta yi aiki da shi?
Dalilin da ya sa shawarar DCS ta fi muhimmanci fiye da da
Tashoshin wutar lantarki suna aiki na shekaru da dama. Tsarin kula da kuka zaɓa yau zai ci gaba da aiki ta cikin sauye-sauyen nau’in mai da sabunta fasaha. Emerson Ovation ya taso ne a fannin samar da wutar lantarki. Yokogawa Centum VP ya fito ne daga masana’antar sarrafa sinadarai, amma yanzu yana sarrafa tashoshin zafi da yawa. Dukkansu suna ba da babban tabbacin samun aiki (high availability). Sai dai falsafar ƙirarsu ta bambanta ta hanyoyin da ke shafar ayyukan yau da kullum.
Tsarin ginin Ovation mai mai da hankali kan samar da wuta
Emerson ya ƙera Ovation ne musamman don aikace-aikacen samar da wuta da ruwa. Masu sarrafarsa suna ba da amsa mai tabbatacce (deterministic response) ƙasa da millisecond ɗaya. Jaringan Ovation guda ɗaya na iya sarrafa sama da maki I/O 200,000. Wannan ya dace da manyan tashoshin haɗa-giciye (combined-cycle) da na nukiliya. Bugu da ƙari, Ovation yana da zurfin haɗin kai da software ɗin ƙirar tashar wutar lantarki na Emerson. Wannan yana ba da damar nazari mai hasashen gaba (predictive analytics) don sarrafa tukunyar tururi da injin turbin. A wata tashar gawayi mai supercritical a Texas, Ovation ya rage heat rate da kashi 1.8% ta hanyar ingantaccen tsarin busar da toka (soot-blowing sequences).
Falsafar “field-first” na Centum VP
Yokogawa ta gina Centum VP ne don muhalli na masana’antar sinadarai da matatun mai. Wannan tarihi ya ba shi gagarumar kwarewa wajen haɗa fieldbus. Yana sarrafa HART, PROFIBUS, da Modbus ba tare da ƙarin gateways ba. Mai sarrafa VF-702 yana aiwatar da tubalan aiki 5,000 a kowane scan. Ga wata tashar Turai da ta koma daga gawayi zuwa iskar gas, Centum VP ya haɗa yarukan PLC 14 daban-daban daga na’urorin Siemens, ABB, da Modbus. Shigarwa ta ɗauki kwanaki 21. Samun aiki a shekarar farko ya kai 98.6%.
Misalin shigarwa: Tashar haɗa-giciye a Amurka
Wata tasha mai MW 1,200 a kudu maso gabashin Amurka ta maye gurbin tsohon tsarin da Emerson Ovation. Bayan kammala commissioning, heat rate ta inganta da 1.8%, kimanin ragin BTU/kWh 50. A yanzu tanadin kuɗin mai a shekara ya kai $1.2 million. Ƙirar ingantaccen soot-blowing da aka gina a cikin Ovation ta taimaka kai tsaye wajen samun wannan riba. Tashar ta kuma ruwaito saurin farawa (startup) ya ƙaru da kashi 40%.
Misalin shigarwa: Canjin tashar Turai daga gawayi zuwa gas
Wata tashar samar da wuta mai MW 800 a Jamus ta koma daga gawayi zuwa iskar gas. Injiniyoyi suka zaɓi Yokogawa Centum VP saboda iya sadarwarsa da yarukan PLC 14 daban-daban da suka riga suka kasance a wurin. Wannan ya haɗa da masu sarrafa Siemens, Modbus, da ABB. Ba a buƙaci ƙarin gateways ba. Canjin tsarin (cutover) ya ɗauki kwanaki 21. Tashar ta cimma 98.6% availability a shekararta ta farko da iskar gas.
Misalin shigarwa: Tashar hasken rana da ajiyar wuta a Ostareliya
Wani shafin makamashi mai sabuntawa na MW 150 a Queensland ya buƙaci daidaita inverters na baturi da na’urorin bin hasken rana (solar trackers). Mai haɗa tsarin ya zabi Yokogawa Centum VP saboda sassauci. DCS ɗin yanzu yana sarrafa maki bayanai 35,000 tare da zagaye na scan 200 millisecond. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa Centum VP na aiki fiye da aikace-aikacen zafi na gargajiya. Wurin ya yi aiki na watanni 18 tare da 99.2% uptime.
Misalin shigarwa: Tashar nukiliya a tsakiyar yammacin Amurka
Wata tashar nukiliya a Illinois ta haɓaka tsarin taimako (auxiliary systems) tana amfani da Emerson Ovation. Aikin ya buƙaci haɗa tsarin da Allen-Bradley PLCs da Bently Nevada vibration monitors da suka riga suke akwai. Goiyon bayan yarukan nan a asalin Ovation ya sauƙaƙa aikin injiniya. An kammala haɓakawar a cikin lokacin da aka tsara na dakatar da aiki don ƙara man fetur (refueling outage). Ba a sami jinkiri a kan “critical path” ba.
Kwatancen aikin masu sarrafawa
Mai sarrafa Ovation OC-4000 yana aiwatar da madauwari (loop) na 50 ms a kan maki I/O 1,024 tare da jitter ƙasa da 2 ms. Yana ɗauke da samfuran tsaro na cibersiguri NERC-CIP da aka gina. Yawancin kamfanonin wutar lantarki na Arewacin Amurka suna tilasta amfani da Ovation saboda batun bin ƙa’ida. Mai sarrafa VF-702 na Centum VP yana sarrafa tubalan aiki 5,000 a kowane scan. Tsaron Secure Perimeter ɗinsa ya dace da ƙa’idar ISA/IEC 62443. “Control firewall” yana hana rubuce-rubuce marasa izini ko da idan an lalata cibiyar sadarwar IT.
Matakan shigar da DCS
1. Tabbatar da I/O: Duba kowane module da zanen loop. Yi kwaikwayon siginar 4-20 mA kafin haɗa na’urorin fili.
2. Raba hanyar sadarwa: Ƙirƙiri VLANs na musamman don zirga-zirgar kulawa. Yi amfani da maɓuɓɓugan (switches) masu maimaituwa tare da RSTP don samun “failover” ƙasa da 50 ms.
3. Kwaikwayon lissafi: Loda lissafin sarrafawa a cikin mai sarrafa kama-da-gaskiya (virtual controller). Gudanar da shi na sa’o’i 48 da ƙimomin tsari na kwaikwayo.
4. Daidaita loops: Fara da ƙimar PID mai sauƙi. Yi amfani da fasalin “auto-tune” da aka gina. Rubuta ƙarshe ƙimomin sigogi.
5. Horar da ma’aikatan kwamfuta (operators): Tsara mako guda na horo a wurin. Yi amfani da bita masu dogaro da kwaikwayo.
6. Aiwar da cutover: Bi shirin sauya tsarin da aka tsara minti-zuwa-minti. Ku kasance da shirye-shiryen komawa baya (rollback) a shirye.
Sabbin abubuwan masana’antu da ke tasiri zaɓin DCS
Sayen OSIsoft da Emerson ta yi ya ba Ovation fa’ida a fannin haɗa “data historian”. PI System yana haɗuwa kai tsaye. Haɗin gwiwar Yokogawa da Microsoft Azure yana tura Centum VP zuwa tsarin kula da kadarori a gajimare (cloud-based asset management). A ganina, idan tasharku ta riga tana amfani da DeltaV ko kayan aikin Emerson, Ovation shi ne hanya mafi ma’ana. Yana amfani da wannan AMS Device Manager ɗaya. Idan wurinku yana da nau’o’in PLC da dama kuma kuna buƙatar muhallin injiniya guda ɗaya, FieldMate da PRM na Centum VP suna rage aikin injiniya kusan kashi 30%.
Samun sassan gyara daga masana’antu da yawa
Warehous ɗinmu suna adana sassa ga dandamalin kulawa da dama. Muna da Allen-Bradley ControlLogix da CompactLogix, Bently Nevada 3500 monitoring systems, GE Fanuc Series 90 da RX3i, Emerson Ovation da DeltaV, ABB Ability da 800xA, Honeywell Experion, Siemens PCS 7 da S7, Schneider Electric Modicon, Yokogawa Centum VP, ProSoft Technology gateways, MTL barriers, Woodward easYgen, DEIF AGC, da jerin Delta DVP da AS. Wannan babban ajiyar kaya yana tallafawa saurin martani idan matsaloli suka taso.
Ƙwarewar dabarun jigilar gaggawa
Goiyon bayan fasaha yana aiki sa’o’i 24 a rana, kwana bakwai a mako. Idan kun fuskanci matsalolin DCS ko kuna buƙatar maye gurbin modules, kira nan da nan. Muna tura sassa ta amfani da DHL Express, FedEx Priority, ko UPS Worldwide. Umarni da aka yi kafin 16:00 lokaci na tsakiyar Turai ana tura su a rana ɗaya. Abokan cinikin Turai suna karɓar sassa cikin kasuwannin kwana daya zuwa biyu. Isarwa zuwa Arewacin Amurka da Asiya na ɗaukar kasuwannin kwana biyu zuwa uku. Akwai zaɓin jigilar karshen mako don ainihin gaggawa. Akwai modules na aro don yanayi masu matuƙar muhimmanci.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi (FAQ)
1. Za mu iya sarrafa Ovation da Centum VP a wuri guda?
I, manyan wurare da dama suna amfani da duka biyun. Ovation na iya sarrafa injinan turbin, yayin da Centum VP ke sarrafa tsarin rage hayakin flue-gas (flue-gas desulfurization). Muna samar da masu juyar da yaruka (protocol converters) ciki har da Modbus TCP/IP da OPC UA don musayar bayanai mai inganci a tsakaninsu.
2. Menene mafi saurin lokacin isarwa don module na Emerson ko Yokogawa?
Muna da ajiyar yankuna a Arewacin Amurka, Turai, da Asiya. Umarni kafin 16:00 CET ana tura su a rana ɗaya ta DHL ko FedEx. Abokan cinikin Turai na karɓar modules cikin sa’o’i 24-48. Isarwa zuwa Amurka da Asiya na ɗaukar sa’o’i 48-72. Ana samun jigilar gaggawa ta karshen mako ta hanyar layin waya namu na 24/7.
3. Kuna ba da tallafin commissioning a wurin don ayyukan DCS?
Eh, tabbas. Injiniyoyinmu suna samuwa 24/7 don taimakon nesa ko commissioning a wurin. Mun tallafa haɓaka Ovation a Texas da faɗaɗa Centum VP a Thailand. Duk ayyukan sun kiyaye sama da 99% uptime a lokacin cutover.
